{"id":11765,"date":"2026-06-16T08:18:11","date_gmt":"2026-06-16T00:18:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cncmachiningshops.com\/?p=11765"},"modified":"2026-07-15T22:10:04","modified_gmt":"2026-07-15T14:10:04","slug":"cnc-machining-tolerances","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cncmachiningshops.com\/pt\/cnc-machining-tolerances\/","title":{"rendered":"Toler\u00e2ncias na usinagem CNC: como equilibrar precis\u00e3o e custo"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Quick Answer:<\/strong> CNC machining tolerances define how much a part’s actual dimension may deviate from the nominal design dimension. Standard production CNC milling and turning achieves \u00b10.050 mm (\u00b10.002″) as a baseline without special tooling or process control. Tighter tolerances \u2014 \u00b10.010\u20130.025 mm \u2014 require dedicated finishing passes, slower feed rates, additional inspection, and more frequent tool changes; tolerances below \u00b10.005 mm typically require cylindrical grinding rather than cutting operations. The critical engineering rule is that cost does not increase linearly with tolerance tightness: moving from \u00b10.050 mm to \u00b10.025 mm increases machining cost moderately; moving from \u00b10.020 mm to \u00b10.005 mm may increase cost by 3\u20135\u00d7 due to the compounding requirements of process control, inspection, and scrap risk. Tight tolerances are only justified where dimension directly affects function \u2014 bearing fits, sealing surfaces, precision motion interfaces \u2014 and should not be applied globally to drawings where most features are non-functional.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\n

Why CNC Machining Tolerances Directly Affect Cost<\/h2>\n

Tolerance tightness affects cost through five independent mechanisms that compound with each other rather than adding linearly.<\/p>\n

Machining speed and pass count:<\/strong> Standard CNC milling at \u00b10.050 mm allows roughing and a single semi-finishing pass. At \u00b10.010 mm, the process typically requires rough, semi-finish, and finish passes with feed rates reduced by 40\u201360% on the finishing pass to minimize cutting force-induced elastic deflection. For a typical turned shaft diameter, the cycle time increase from \u00b10.050 mm to \u00b10.010 mm is approximately 30\u201380% depending on part geometry and material.<\/p>\n

Tool condition and change frequency:<\/strong> Tight tolerances require sharp, consistent tool edges. In standard milling (\u00b10.050 mm), a carbide insert might run 60\u201390 minutes before dimensional drift becomes measurable. At \u00b10.010 mm, the same insert may need replacement after 20\u201330 minutes because gradual flank wear shifts the effective cutting diameter by 0.010\u20130.020 mm. This 3\u00d7 increase in tool change frequency multiplies both tooling cost and machine downtime.<\/p>\n

Inspection requirements:<\/strong> At \u00b10.050 mm, spot-check sampling with a micrometer or caliper is typical. At \u00b10.010 mm, 100% inspection of critical features with a calibrated digital micrometer or CMM is required, along with in-process gauging to catch tool wear drift before parts go out of tolerance. Inspection time per part may represent 10\u201325% of total cycle time for high-precision components.<\/p>\n

Thermal effects and machine stability:<\/strong> As tolerances approach \u00b10.005\u20130.010 mm, the thermal expansion of the machine structure and workpiece becomes a significant error source. Aluminum expands at approximately 23.1 \u00b5m\/m\u00b7\u00b0C; a 100 mm aluminum part changes approximately 2.3 \u00b5m per \u00b0C. For tolerances of \u00b10.010 mm, this means a 4\u20135\u00b0C temperature variation in the machine environment can produce part-to-part dimensional variation approaching the tolerance limit, requiring temperature-stabilized measurement per ISO 1 (20\u00b0C reference) and potentially extended warm-up cycles.<\/p>\n

Scrap and rework rate:<\/strong> At \u00b10.050 mm, typical scrap rates in production turning and milling are below 2\u20133%. At \u00b10.005\u20130.010 mm, even well-controlled processes produce scrap rates of 5\u201315% from dimensional drift, measurement uncertainty, and workpiece release effects \u2014 increasing effective cost per qualified part proportionally.<\/p>\n

The non-linear cost curve:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Tolerance<\/th>\nMachining Cost Relative to \u00b10.050 mm<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\u00b10.100 mm<\/td>\n~0.7\u00d7 (faster, fewer passes)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00b10.050 mm<\/td>\n1.0\u00d7 (baseline)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00b10.025 mm<\/td>\n1.3\u20131.6\u00d7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00b10.010 mm<\/td>\n2.0\u20133.0\u00d7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00b10.005 mm<\/td>\n3.5\u20136.0\u00d7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00b10.002 mm<\/td>\nRequires grinding; 8\u201315\u00d7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n

Standard CNC Machining Tolerance Capabilities<\/h2>\n

The achievable tolerance in CNC machining depends on the process, material, and part geometry. The following represents typical production capability \u2014 not best-case results:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Process<\/th>\nStandard Production Tolerance<\/th>\nNotes<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
CNC milling (3-axis)<\/td>\n\u00b10.050 mm<\/td>\nNo special setup; achievable on most machines<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CNC milling (5-axis, tight features)<\/td>\n\u00b10.025\u20130.050 mm<\/td>\nDepends on part complexity and tool access<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CNC turning (standard)<\/td>\n\u00b10.025\u20130.050 mm<\/td>\nTurning produces better tolerance than milling at equivalent setups<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CNC turning (precision)<\/td>\n\u00b10.010\u20130.025 mm<\/td>\nDedicated finishing tooling; in-process gauging<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Swiss-type CNC turning<\/td>\n\u00b10.005\u20130.010 mm<\/td>\nSmall-diameter precision components<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Cylindrical grinding<\/td>\n\u00b10.002\u20130.005 mm<\/td>\nPost-machining finishing operation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Surface grinding<\/td>\n\u00b10.003\u20130.010 mm (flatness)<\/td>\nFor flat reference surfaces and shims<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Why CNC turning typically achieves better diameter tolerance than milling:<\/strong> In turning, all diameters are cut relative to the same spindle rotation axis. Thermal drift, tool wear, and vibration affect all diameters proportionally, making the relative error between features lower than when features are produced in separate setups. In milling, features on different faces produced in separate setups accumulate datum shift errors (0.010\u20130.030 mm per repositioning) that add to the fundamental machining variation.<\/p>\n

The grinding boundary:<\/strong> Below approximately \u00b10.005 mm on diameters and \u00b10.003 mm on flatness, cylindrical and surface grinding becomes the required process. Grinding removes material by abrasive wheel contact in passes of 0.002\u20130.010 mm per pass, allowing precise final-dimension control with minimal cutting force. The trade-off is that grinding is a secondary finishing operation requiring separate setup, machine time, and part handling \u2014 adding 30\u201380% to per-part cost versus turning or milling alone.<\/p>\n

\n

When Tight Tolerances Are Justified<\/h2>\n

Tight tolerances are justified when the dimension directly affects a functional interface or performance parameter. For these features, the cost of tight tolerance is offset by the cost of functional failure.<\/p>\n

Bearing fits:<\/strong> The clearance or interference between a shaft and a rolling-element bearing’s inner ring is specified in fractions of hundredths of a millimeter. A shaft diameter specified as g6 tolerance class at \u00d820 mm has the tolerance range \u22120.007 to \u22120.020 mm from nominal (20.000 \u2212 0.007 = 19.993 to 19.980 mm). The bearing inner ring bore at H7 tolerance class has the range 20.000 to 20.021 mm. The resulting clearance at these tolerances is between \u22120.021 mm (interference) and +0.021 mm (clearance) \u2014 controlled to produce the correct running fit. A shaft tolerance of \u00b10.050 mm (19.950 to 20.050 mm) would produce unpredictable fit conditions ranging from 0.029 mm clearance to 0.071 mm clearance \u2014 unacceptable for all but the lowest-performance bearing applications.<\/p>\n

Sealing surfaces:<\/strong> A flat or ground sealing face for an O-ring, gasket, or metal-to-metal seal requires both flatness and surface finish control. A flatness deviation above approximately 0.025\u20130.050 mm across the sealing contact width typically exceeds the compressive deformation range of the sealing element, producing leak paths under operating pressure. Tight flatness tolerance (\u00b10.010\u20130.025 mm) combined with surface finish Ra \u2264 1.6 \u00b5m is the standard specification for hydraulic sealing faces.<\/p>\n

Precision shafts and motion components:<\/strong> Shafts for precision instruments, servo motor assemblies, and machine tool spindles require diameter tolerance of \u00b10.010\u20130.020 mm and roundness (circularity) within 0.005\u20130.010 mm to minimize runout. Runout at the shaft-to-bearing interface directly determines system accuracy \u2014 a 0.020 mm TIR shaft error translates to 0.020 mm of positional error at any component mounted on that shaft.<\/p>\n

Medical and aerospace components:<\/strong> Tolerance requirements in these industries are driven by regulatory standards and functional criticality rather than engineering preference alone. Implantable device components may require \u00b10.010\u20130.020 mm on critical dimensions for regulatory compliance and assembly interchangeability; aerospace structural fastener holes have tight positional tolerances (\u00b10.025\u20130.050 mm true position) because the stress distribution at the fastener-to-structure interface depends on consistent hole geometry.<\/p>\n

\n

When Tight Tolerances Waste Money<\/h2>\n

Over-tolerancing \u2014 applying tight tolerances globally to features where dimensional accuracy does not affect function \u2014 is one of the most consistent sources of avoidable CNC machining cost in OEM manufacturing.<\/p>\n

The pattern of over-tolerancing:<\/strong> The most common over-tolerancing pattern occurs when a design team applies a uniform tight tolerance to all features on a drawing, often inherited from a similar part or applied as a conservative default. A mounting housing for a consumer electronics product \u2014 with functional features including two bearing bores (\u00b10.015 mm required), four mounting holes (clearance holes for M4 screws, \u00b10.100 mm adequate), and an external profile (cosmetic, \u00b10.150 mm adequate) \u2014 specified at \u00b10.020 mm throughout increases machining cost by approximately 50\u201380% compared to the correctly tolerance-differentiated drawing, with no functional improvement.<\/p>\n

The cost of applying \u00b10.010 mm to non-functional features:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  • All features require finishing passes (additional cycle time)<\/li>\n
  • 100% inspection is triggered for all dimensions (additional inspection labor)<\/li>\n
  • Tool replacement frequency increases (higher tooling cost)<\/li>\n
  • Thermal and environmental variation causes occasional scrapped parts on previously non-critical features (scrap cost)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    The correct approach:<\/strong> After reviewing which dimensions affect assembly fit, motion, sealing, or safety, apply tight tolerances to those features specifically. Apply \u00b10.050 mm (or \u00b10.100 mm) to non-functional surfaces, profiles, and clearance holes. In most machined parts, the critical tight-tolerance features represent 20\u201340% of all dimensioned features; loosening the other 60\u201380% to appropriate values typically reduces total machining cost by 30\u201360%.<\/p>\n

    \n

    GD&T vs Dimensional Tolerances<\/h2>\n

    Dimensional tolerances specify the acceptable size range of individual features (a diameter, a length, a hole size). GD&T (Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing, per ASME Y14.5 or ISO 1101) specifies the acceptable variation in form, position, orientation, and runout relationships between features. The two systems address different failure modes.<\/p>\n

    The limitation of dimensional tolerance alone:<\/strong> A drawing specifying four mounting holes at \u00d810 \u00b10.025 mm defines an acceptable hole size range. If all four holes are at exactly the nominal size but their center positions are shifted by 0.080 mm from the true position pattern, the bolts will not align with the mating component’s thread pattern \u2014 the dimensional tolerance passes but the part fails. Adding a true position tolerance callout of \u23000.050 mm to the hole pattern specifies that the center of each hole must fall within a 0.050 mm diameter cylindrical zone around its true position \u2014 directly controlling the failure mode that dimensional tolerance cannot address.<\/p>\n

    Common GD&T callouts and their applications:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    GD&T Symbol<\/th>\nControls<\/th>\nTypical Application<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    Flatness<\/td>\nSurface deviation from a perfect plane<\/td>\nSealing faces; datum surfaces; mounting pads<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Cylindricity<\/td>\nDiameter variation over length + roundness<\/td>\nBearing journal shafts; precision bores<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    True position<\/td>\nLocation of feature center from true position<\/td>\nBolt pattern holes; dowel pin locations<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Concentricity \/ Coaxiality<\/td>\nAxis offset between coaxial features<\/td>\nShaft-to-bore alignment; concentric journals<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Perpendicularity<\/td>\nAngular deviation from 90\u00b0 to datum<\/td>\nMating faces; pin-to-surface relationships<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Runout (circular\/total)<\/td>\nSurface variation during rotation<\/td>\nRotating shaft surfaces; bearing interfaces<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    GD&T and cost:<\/strong> Applied correctly, GD&T does not increase machining cost \u2014 it can reduce it. By specifying position tolerance rather than tightening hole diameter tolerance, the function is addressed directly without forcing unnecessary precision on the diameter. A true position of \u23000.050 mm with a hole diameter tolerance of \u00b10.050 mm is achievable and more functional than \u00b10.010 mm diameter tolerance alone, which does not control position at all.<\/p>\n

    \n

    Material’s Effect on Achievable Tolerance<\/h2>\n

    The same dimensional tolerance produces different manufacturing difficulty and cost depending on the workpiece material. Materials are not equal in their dimensional stability during and after machining.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Material<\/th>\nStandard Achievable Tolerance<\/th>\nPrimary Challenge<\/th>\nKey Consideration<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    Aluminum 6061\/7075<\/td>\n\u00b10.020\u20130.050 mm readily<\/td>\nThermal expansion; chip adhesion at low speeds<\/td>\nHigh CTE (23 \u00b5m\/m\u00b7\u00b0C); measure at 20\u00b0C for critical dimensions<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Brass (free-machining)<\/td>\n\u00b10.020\u20130.050 mm readily<\/td>\nExcellent dimensional stability<\/td>\nGood thermal conductivity; low thermal growth during cutting<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Mild steel (1018)<\/td>\n\u00b10.025\u20130.050 mm standard<\/td>\nModerate; predictable<\/td>\nStable cutting; reasonable thermal properties<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Stainless steel 304<\/td>\n\u00b10.030\u20130.080 mm standard<\/td>\nWork hardening; dimensional drift from tool wear<\/td>\nRequires coated carbide; consistent feed essential<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Titanium Ti-6Al-4V<\/td>\n\u00b10.015\u20130.030 mm with care<\/td>\nHeat concentration; elastic springback<\/td>\nLow thermal conductivity; finish passes at very low depth of cut<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    PEEK and engineering plastics<\/td>\n\u00b10.050\u20130.100 mm typical<\/td>\nElastic deformation under clamping force; post-machining creep<\/td>\nDimensional stability varies with moisture absorption<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    Why aluminum achieves tighter tolerances more economically than stainless steel or titanium:<\/strong> Aluminum’s high thermal conductivity (~167 W\/m\u00b7K) conducts cutting heat away from the tool-workpiece interface efficiently, stabilizing the cutting temperature and limiting thermal growth during machining. Stainless steel’s lower conductivity (~16 W\/m\u00b7K) produces more heat buildup, progressive tool wear, and larger dimensional variation through the production run. For the same \u00b10.015 mm tolerance on a turned diameter: aluminum achieves this in a single finish pass with standard tooling; 304 stainless requires more conservative parameters, tool change midway through a batch, and tighter in-process gauging to catch dimensional drift.<\/p>\n

    \n

    Key Takeaways<\/h2>\n
      \n
    • \u00b10.050 mm is the practical baseline for standard CNC milling and turning<\/strong>: this tolerance is achievable on most machines without special setups and is adequate for the majority of industrial mechanical components.<\/li>\n
    • The tolerance-cost relationship is non-linear<\/strong>: moderate tightening from \u00b10.050 to \u00b10.025 mm adds 30\u201360% to cost; tightening to \u00b10.005 mm or below typically adds 5\u201315\u00d7 to cost versus baseline, and below \u00b10.002 mm requires grinding rather than cutting.<\/li>\n
    • Tight tolerances are justified only for functional features<\/strong>: bearing fits, sealing surfaces, precision motion interfaces, and safety-critical dimensions require tight tolerance; non-functional profiles, clearance holes, and cosmetic surfaces should use \u00b10.050\u20130.100 mm.<\/li>\n
    • Over-tolerancing non-functional features is one of the most common avoidable cost drivers in CNC machining<\/strong>: applying \u00b10.010 mm universally to a drawing where 60\u201380% of dimensions are non-functional increases cost 30\u201380% without improving part performance.<\/li>\n
    • GD&T controls function more precisely than dimensional tolerance tightening in many cases<\/strong>: a true position callout of \u23000.050 mm addresses hole pattern alignment failure; tightening hole diameter tolerance does not. Using appropriate GD&T reduces the need for across-the-board dimensional tolerance tightening.<\/li>\n
    • Material selection and tolerance specification must be done jointly<\/strong>: \u00b10.015 mm on aluminum is routinely achievable at moderate cost; the same tolerance on 304 stainless or titanium is substantially more expensive due to work hardening, thermal instability, and tool wear rate differences.<\/li>\n
    • For OEM procurement and design teams<\/strong>: the most cost-effective drawing practice is to identify 20\u201340% of dimensions that are functionally critical (affecting fit, motion, sealing, or safety), apply appropriate tight tolerances to those, and explicitly relax all non-functional dimensions to \u00b10.050\u20130.100 mm. A drawing that does not distinguish between critical and non-critical features forces the machining supplier to price the entire part as a tight-tolerance job, producing quotes 30\u201380% higher than a correctly specified drawing would generate.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      \n

      Frequently Asked Questions<\/h2>\n

      What is a standard CNC machining tolerance?<\/h3>\n

      Standard CNC machining tolerance for production milling and turning is \u00b10.050 mm (\u00b10.002″). This is achievable on most modern CNC machining centers without special tooling, dedicated finishing setups, or enhanced inspection protocols, and it is adequate for general mechanical components including housings, brackets, shafts, and most assembly features. Tighter tolerances \u2014 \u00b10.010\u20130.025 mm \u2014 are achievable with additional process control and represent the range for bearing fits, precision shafts, and sealing surfaces. Below \u00b10.005 mm, cylindrical or surface grinding is typically required as a secondary operation.<\/p>\n

      Why do tight tolerances increase CNC machining costs?<\/h3>\n

      Tight tolerances increase cost through five compounding mechanisms: slower cutting speeds and more passes (30\u201380% longer cycle time for \u00b10.010 mm vs \u00b10.050 mm); more frequent tool changes as dimensional drift from tool wear approaches the tolerance limit; more extensive inspection (in-process gauging and 100% CMM inspection instead of sampling); thermal stability requirements (machine warm-up, temperature-controlled inspection); and higher scrap rate from the narrower acceptance window. Cost does not increase linearly \u2014 moving from \u00b10.050 to \u00b10.025 mm is a moderate increase; moving from \u00b10.020 to \u00b10.005 mm may triple or quadruple total machining cost.<\/p>\n

      What tolerances are required for bearing fits?<\/h3>\n

      Bearing fits are specified using ISO tolerance class notation. For a standard radial bearing fit on a rotating shaft, the shaft is specified at tolerance class g6 or j6 (a few hundredths of a millimeter below nominal for clearance fits, or at nominal for transition fits), and the housing bore is specified at H7 or K7. For a \u00d820 mm shaft at g6, the tolerance range is approximately \u22120.007 to \u22120.020 mm from nominal (shaft diameter 19.980 to 19.993 mm). This requires CNC turning accuracy of \u00b10.006 mm in the finish pass with in-process gauging. Applying a general \u00b10.050 mm tolerance to a bearing fit dimension produces uncontrolled fits that range from loose (causing bearing creep) to tight (causing assembly interference and heat generation).<\/p>\n

      When should GD&T be used instead of (or in addition to) dimensional tolerances?<\/h3>\n

      GD&T should be used whenever the functional requirement is a geometric relationship rather than a size. The primary cases are: hole pattern position (true position tolerance, not hole size tolerance, controls whether bolts align with the mating pattern); shaft-to-bore concentricity or coaxiality (concentricity callout controls axis offset that causes vibration in rotating assemblies); sealing face flatness (flatness callout controls surface deviation that causes leak paths, independent of face thickness dimension); and guide surface perpendicularity or parallelism (angular relationship between mating faces that determines assembly squareness). Tightening dimensional tolerances alone does not address any of these functional requirements \u2014 it increases cost without solving the actual problem.<\/p>\n

      What tolerances can different materials hold in CNC machining?<\/h3>\n

      Material machinability significantly affects achievable tolerance at reasonable cost. Aluminum (6061, 7075) is the most favorable: \u00b10.015\u20130.025 mm is readily achievable on diameter features because low cutting forces and high thermal conductivity minimize dimensional variation. Free-machining steel and brass are similar. Stainless steel (304, 316) is more challenging: work hardening and higher tool wear rate require more conservative parameters; \u00b10.025\u20130.050 mm is standard production, and \u00b10.010 mm requires careful process management. Titanium and Inconel require the tightest process control: heat concentration at the tool edge and elastic springback mean that achieving \u00b10.010\u20130.020 mm reliably requires optimized tooling, flood coolant, and in-process gauging. Engineering plastics (PEEK, nylon) are limited by elastic deformation during clamping and post-machining dimensional change; \u00b10.050\u20130.100 mm is typical.<\/p>\n

      \n

      Written by the CMS engineering team with 15+ years of CNC machining experience producing components to precise tolerance specifications for automotive, aerospace, medical device, industrial automation, and consumer electronics OEM manufacturing programs \u2014 including tolerance analysis for bearing fits, sealing surfaces, precision shafts, and assembly interchangeability. Technical references: ASME Y14.5-2018 (Dimensioning and Tolerancing), ISO 286-1 (Limits and Fits), ISO 2768 (General Tolerances for Linear and Angular Dimensions), Machinery’s Handbook (Preferred Tolerances and Fits), Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design (Tolerances chapter).<\/em><\/p>\n

      \n

      Need Help Specifying CNC Machining Tolerances for Your Parts?<\/strong><\/p>\n

      At CMS, we provide tolerance review at the quoting stage \u2014 identifying which dimensions are functionally critical (requiring tight tolerance) and which can be relaxed to reduce machining cost without affecting part performance.<\/p>\n

      [Request a tolerance review and CNC machining quote \u2192]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      CNC machining tolerances: standard \u00b10.050 mm baseline, when tight tolerances are needed, cost vs precision trade-offs, GD&T, material effects & over-tolerancing guide.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11845,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[105],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11765","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cnc-machining-guide"],"yoast_head":"\nCNC Machining Tolerances: How to Balance Precision and Cost<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"CNC machining tolerances: standard \u00b10.050 mm baseline, when tight tolerances are needed, cost vs precision trade-offs, GD&T, material effects & over-tolerancing guide.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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